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Grain Size Analysis (Sieve + Hydrometer) in Wichita, KS

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Wichita's soil profile changes drastically within half a mile. You start with sandy loam near the Arkansas River, then hit fat clays in the old floodplain, and suddenly there's weathered shale at five feet depth. That variability is exactly why a standard Proctor or Atterberg test alone won't cut it. A full grain size analysis (sieve + hydrometer) tells you the complete gradation curve, from the gravel fraction down to the clay-size particles that control drainage and shrink-swell behavior. Our team runs both ASTM D6913 for the coarse fraction and ASTM D7928 for the fines, giving you the full distribution engineers need for classification under the Unified Soil Classification System. When a footing design or pavement section depends on knowing whether you have well-graded sand or gap-graded silt, this combined approach eliminates guesswork. We process samples in our accredited lab and deliver results typically within three business days for standard turnaround.

A gradation curve without the hydrometer fraction is like a map with the bottom third torn off: fine for gravel but useless for clay.

Our service areas

Our approach and scope

The geology underneath Wichita is mostly Permian-age bedrock overlain by Quaternary alluvium, and the Wellington Formation shales are notorious for weathering into silty clays that don't behave like textbook soils. That's where a combined sieve-plus-hydrometer analysis earns its keep. We wash the sample through a No. 200 sieve per ASTM C117, oven-dry the retained material, and run a full mechanical sieve stack from 3 inches down to 75 microns. The minus-200 fraction goes into a hydrometer sedimentation test with sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant to separate silt from clay accurately. In Wichita's commercial corridors along Kellogg Avenue, we frequently see gap-graded fills that look fine in a simple sieve but fail drainage requirements once the hydrometer reveals a missing silt fraction. Our lab also cross-references the gradation curve against the Atterberg limits test when plasticity data is needed for classification, and we coordinate with the CBR road design lab when the gradation feeds directly into pavement thickness calculations for KDOT-spec projects.
Grain Size Analysis (Sieve + Hydrometer) in Wichita, KS
Technical reference — Wichita

Local considerations

The most common mistake we see in Wichita is a geotech report that classifies soil based on a sieve-only gradation, ignoring the hydrometer entirely. That shortcut works for clean sands but fails badly in the silty clays of the Wellington Formation, where 40 percent of the material passes the No. 200 sieve. If you don't know the clay fraction, you can't reliably predict heave potential or drainage behavior. We've seen contractors place select fill that met the sieve spec but turned into a pump-and-rut nightmare after the first Kansas thunderstorm because the hydrometer would have caught the high silt content. Another classic error: using a single hydrometer reading at 45 minutes and calling it done. ASTM D7928 requires readings at multiple time intervals to build the full sedimentation curve. Cutting corners there produces a gradation that looks plausible but is wrong by 15 to 20 percent in the clay range. That error propagates into everything: permeability estimates, compaction specs, and pavement design inputs.

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Reference standards

ASTM D6913/D6913M-17 – Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis, ASTM D7928-21 – Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis, ASTM C117-17 – Materials Finer than 75-µm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing, ASTM D2487-17 – Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)

Typical values

ParameterTypical value
Sieve range (coarse)3 in to No. 10 (75 mm to 2 mm)
Sieve range (fine)No. 10 to No. 200 (2 mm to 75 µm)
Hydrometer methodASTM D7928, 152H hydrometer
Sample mass500 g (sand) / 200 g (silt-clay)
DispersantSodium hexametaphosphate (Na-HMP)
Standard turnaround3 business days
Expedited turnaround24 hours (surcharge applies)

Frequently asked questions

How much does a grain size analysis (sieve + hydrometer) cost in Wichita?

A standard combined sieve-plus-hydrometer analysis typically runs between US$90 and US$160 per sample, depending on whether it is part of a larger testing package and the turnaround time required. Expedited 24-hour results carry a surcharge. We recommend bundling multiple samples from the same boring to reduce the per-unit cost.

Why do I need the hydrometer test if the soil looks sandy?

Visual classification is unreliable, especially in Wichita where alluvial deposits often contain silt lenses that are invisible to the naked eye. A soil that looks like clean sand can have 15 to 25 percent passing the No. 200 sieve. The hydrometer quantifies that fines fraction and separates silt from clay, which is essential for drainage calculations, frost susceptibility, and compliance with KDOT and IBC gradation specifications.

How much sample material do you need for the combined test?

For a standard sieve-plus-hydrometer analysis we need approximately 500 grams of material if the soil is predominantly sand, or around 200 grams for fine-grained soils. The sample must be representative of the stratum being tested and should be sealed in a moisture-tight bag immediately after collection to prevent drying before lab processing.

Location and service area

We serve projects in Wichita and surrounding areas. More info.

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